FLORIDA FIREARMS – Law, Use & Ownership

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DISCLAIMERS, LIABILITY WAIVERS, WARNINGS,
TRADEMARKS, & COPYRIGHTS: not numbered

TABLE OF CONTENTS: i

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: xi

FOREWORD: xiii     [by Eric Friday, Esq.]

INTRODUCTION: xv

CHAPTER ONE: THE RIGHT TO BEAR ARMS
& CONSTITUTIONAL UNDERSTANDING: -1-
The Bill of Rights the Second Amendment -1-
A Well Regulated Militia: -1-
The Right to Keep and Bear Arms: -2-
McDonald V. City of Chicago: -3-
New York Rifle & Pistol Assoc v. Bruen: -4-
A Warning about Constitutional Interpretation: -4-
Florida’s Right to Keep and Bear Arms: -5-
Preemption Law: -5-
Statistical Data on Use of Firearms: -6-
The Extension of the Powers of Congress: -7-
A Brief Lesson in Constitutional Law: -8-
Waiting Periods on Firearms Sales: -11-
Chart on Waiting Periods: -12-

CHAPTER TWO: PURCHASE, SALE & POSSESSION
OF FIREARMS: -13-
Definition of a “Firearm”: -13-
Antique Firearms – and Other Exceptions: -14-
Other Excluded Devices: -16-
Age on Purchases from a Firearms Dealer: -16-
Juvenile Felony Offender: -17-
Age for Private Purchase or Transfer: -17-
Other Weapon Transfers to Persons under 18: -18-
Purchases Disallowed, Even with Permission: -18-
Use Disallowed Except under Adult Supervision: -18-
Youth Handgun Safety Amendment: -19-
Possession By Minor for Purpose of Employment: -19-
Some Questions about Age: -19-
Residence, Loans, Rentals & Bequests: -21-
Loan or Rental of a Firearm: -21-
Bequest or Inheritance: -22-
Face-to-Face Dealer Longgun Sales -22-
Out-of-state Purchase or Shipment by Non-FFL: -22-
Private Shipment & Receipt of Firearms: -23-
Dual Residence: -24-
Purchase & Possession by Aliens: -24-
Legal Disabilities Preventing Purchase: -25-
Convictions & Withheld Adjudications: -26-
Florida Juvenile Felony Offender: -26-
Out of State Convictions: -26-
Other Legal Prohibitions: -26-
Mental Health, Drug & Alcohol Commitments: -27-
Firearm Disabilities – Continued: -28-
Domestic Violence Crimes: -29-
Florida Violence Injunctions: -30-
Some Domestic Violence Issues: -30-
CHART – Federal Misdemeanor Domestic Violence -32-
Gun Purchase from a Private Individual: -33-
Purchase from a Licensed Firearms Dealer: -34-
Florida Firearms Purchase Program: -34-
Arrest for “Dangerous” Crime: -35-
CHART of Arrests Preventing FDLE Approval: -35-
Warning about Domestic Violence Crimes : -36-
State Disabilities Recognized by Federal Law: -36-
Person on Florida Probation: -36-
Denial for Felony Record -37-
Three Year Waiting Period: -37-
Waiting Periods for Firearm Purchases: -38-
Estate Sales: -39-
CHART of Permitted/Non-permitted Sales: -40-

CHAPTER THREE: DENIAL OF FIREARM PURCHASES: -41-
The Approval (Or Disapproval) Process: -41-
Identification Needed to Purchase: -41-
The Computer Check by FDLE: -42-
How the FDLE Call-in System Operates: -42-
What Happens If the Computers Are Down: -43-
Problems with Mis-identification: -43-
Approval, or Non-approval from FDLE: -44-
Appeal Procedure & Criminal History Review: -44-
A Quick Hint: -45-
The Brady Act & NICS: -45-
Mental Health Law Amendments: -46-
V.A. & Social Security Prohibitions: -46-

CHAPTER FOUR: REMOVAL OF LEGAL DISABILITIES: -47-
Executive Clemency: -47-
Explanation of Forms of Executive Clemency: -48-
Crimes That Can Disqualify You: -49-
Re-application: -50-
Some Limitations on Pardon Power: -50-
Federal Restoration of Civil Rights: -50-
Federal Restorations From Mental Commitments: -51-
Florida Mental Health Restorations: -51-
Risk Protection Order Act: -52-
Federal & Out-of-state Convictions: -52-
New York Certificates from Relief of Disabilities: -53-
Expunctions & Sealings 2019 Style: -53-
Crimes That Bar Expunction or Sealing: -53-
Main Chart of Primary Prohibited Expunctions: -54-
2019 Law Governing Expunction & Sealing: -54-
Chart of Additional Crimes Barring Expunction: -55-
Chart of Exceptions to Lawful Denial: -56-
Sealing a Record: -56-
Other Facts Pertinent to Expunction & Sealing: -57-
Automatic Sealing of Records: -57-
Self Defense Expunctions: -57-
Rap Sheets, & Database Corrections: -58-
How to Appeal a Firearm Purchase Denial: -58-
Some Hints on Record Corrections: -60-
Voluntary Appeal File: -61-

CHAPTER FIVE: FLORIDA CONCEALED WEAPONS
LICENSE: -63-
Weapons Covered by License: -63-
Qualifications for the Concealed Permit: -64-
Completing the Application Process: -68-
Reciprocity: -69-
Prohibited Places with Concealed Permit -70-
Prohibited Areas – Stun Guns & Chemical Sprays: -74-
License Violations: -75-
Lost Licenses, or Change of Address: -75-
Suspension or Revocation of Your Permit: -76-
Revocation Due to Probation: -77-
How To Carry Concealed: -78-
Dealing with Police Officers: -78-
Why the CWL Is the Best -79-
Concealed Weapons Badges -80-
Open/Brief Display & “Printing” -80-
CHART on License Suspensions & Revocations: -81-
Endnote Section: -82-

CHAPTER SIX: TRANSPORTATION AND CARRYING OF
WEAPONS AND FIREARMS: -85-
CHART of What Constitutes “Securely Encased”: -85-
Summary of Where Handgun Can Be Kept in Vehicle: -85-
Possession by CWL Licensee in Vehicle: -86-
The Legal Carrying of Firearms — Listed: -87-
The Legal Carrying in Automobiles & Private Vehicles: -88-
Securely Encased: -89-
Not Readily Accessible for Immediate Use: -94-
Unconcealed Shotguns and Rifles: -95-
The Way it Used to Be: -96-
Inter-state Transportation of Firearms: -96-
Special Problem with New York City Area: -97-
Private Boats: -100-
The Bahamas & Foreign Ports: -100-
Weapons in Airports, and Commercial Aircraft: -101-
TSA CHART -103-
Private Aircraft: -105-
Trains, Buses, and Other Public Transportation: -106-
Amtrak Passengers: -107-
Commercial Drivers -107-
Carrying in Your Home or Place of Business: -108-
Problems with Condo’s & Apartments: -109-
When You Still Can’t Have It: -111-
Schools, Colleges, Universities: -112-
Church & Other Religious Institutions: -112-
National Forests: -113-
National Parks & Wildlife Refuges: -113-
Army Corps of Engineers: -114-
State Forests and Parks: -114-
Mailing & Sending Firearms: -115-
Legal Ways to Ship to Non-licensees: -117-
Indian Reservations: -118-
Seaport Restricted Zones: -118-
Hospitals & Mental Facilities: -119-
Medical Privacy & Insurance Discrimination: -120-
Parking Lot Law: -120-
Disney & the Attractions: -121-
Endnote Section: -122-

CHAPTER SEVEN: COMMON WEAPON VIOLATIONS AND RELATED CRIMES: -125-
Carrying Concealed Weapons and Firearms: -125-
Law Enforcement Officers off Duty Carry: -125-
Defense of Lack of Scienter -126-
Common Pocketknives: -126-
Electric , Taser & Chemical Weapons: -128-
Open Carrying of Weapons Other than Firearms: -130-
Improper Exhibition of Firearms & Weapons: -131-
Issues with Intentional Display: -134-
Discharging Firearms in Public, or Zoned for Dwellings: -134-
Discharging Machine Guns: -135-
Machine Guns, Undersized Firearms, and Other NFA
Weapons: -135-
“Any Other Weapon”: -137-
Pistol Grip Firearms: -138-
Pen Guns & Pistols: -138-
Wallet Gun: -138-
Silencers: -141-
CHART on Legal Gun & Barrel Length: -141-
Using a Firearm While Under the Influence: -141-
Shooting at Vehicles, Vessels & Structures: -142-
Self-propelled Knives: -143-
Possession by Convicted Felon: -143-
Ammunition & Prohibited Persons: -145-
Firearms Involved in the Commission of a Felony: -146-
Use of Bullet Proof Vests: -146-
Armor Piercing or Speciality Ammunition: -147-
Altered or Removed Serial Numbers: -149-
Destructive Devices: -149-
Flare Guns: -150-
Switchblade Knife & Spring Assisted Knives: -151-
Assault Weapons: -152-
Use of Bangsticks: -153-
Armed Trespass -153-
Licensed Private Security Guards: -155-
Permitted Firearms for G Licensee: -155-
Prohibited Ammo for Security Guards: -155-
Declared Emergencies: -156-
Lasers: -157-
Pistol Stabilizing Braces -157-
Bump Fire Mechanisms & Stocks: -157-
Endnote Section: -158-

CHAPTER EIGHT: LAWS CONCERNING CHILDREN: -165-
Lawful Age to Possess Firearms or Ammunition: -165-
Florida Laws Pertaining to Minors -166-
CHART of Penalties for Child Violations: -167-
Other Penalties: -168-
Storage of Loaded Firearms: -170-
Civil Liability If the Kids Get to It: -171-
Gun Free School Zones Act — Part Two: -172-
Florida School Zone Laws: -173-
Exceptions – Which Allow Possession: -168-
Church Schools: -177-
Private Schools: -178-
Training Children to Be Safe: -178-
School Trespass with Firearm: -179-
Possession of Pepper Sprays on School Grounds: -179-
CHART Related to Possession near School: -180-
CHART on Age Restrictions for Weapons: -181-
Endnote Section: -182-

CHAPTER NINE: DEALERS, FFL’S & INSTRUCTORS: -183-
Who must Secure a Federal License: -183-
What Does the License Cover: -184-
Confusion with Corporate Ownership: -184-
Licensed Collectors: -186-
Obtaining the FFL: -187-
Denials and Disciplinary Actions: -187-
Administrative Review of Records and Inventory: -188-
Sale of Firearms to Aliens: -189-
Sales or Dispositions from Personal Collection: -190-

Multiple Handgun Sales to Single Individual: -190-
Lost, Misplaced, or Stolen Firearms: -191-
Pawnbrokers: -191-
Secondhand Dealers: -192-
Selling to Persons with Obvious Impairments: -193-
Selling to Kids: -193-
Sale of Ammunition to Minor: -194-
CHART – Dealer Permitted Weapon Sales to Minor: -196-
Required Florida Warning Notices upon Sale: -195-
Required Federal Warnings : -196-
Stuff You Gotta Sell: -196-
Stuff You Just Can’t Sell in Florida: -196-
Self-propelled, Ballistic, or “Spring” Knives: -197-
Gun Shows: -198-
Reloading as a Business: -198-
Firearm Instructors: -198-
FFL Operating out of home: -200-
Abbreviations & Bound Book: -200-
Responsible Person: -200-
Sale of Unfinished Receivers: -201-
Employees; and Shooters at Range under 18 Years: -202-
Shooting Range Protection: -202-
Backyard Shooting Range: -203-
Getting Commercial Insurance: -204-
Waivers of Liability: -204-
Bump Fire Stocks: -204-
Summary of Self Defense Legal Plans: -205-
US Law Shield -205-
USCCA -206-
Second Call Defense -207-
NRA Carry Guard -207-
Armed Citizens Legal Defense Network -207-
CCW Safe -208-
Endnote Section: -209-

CHAPTER TEN: MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS: -211-
The Assault Weapons Ban: -211-
Modifications to Non-sporting Rifles: -211-
Manufacture of Firearm by Private Individual: -214-
Law Enforcement Officers Safety Act: -215-
Getting a Seized Firearm Back: -218-
NFA Trusts & Purchases: -218-
Free Updating Service & Book Revisions: -220-
CHART on Author’s Legal Experience 211-
My Blog: -222-

Your Questions and my Website: -222-
About the Endnote Sections: -222-
List of Pro-second Amendment Organizations: -223-
Drones -223-
Endnote Section: -224-

CHAPTER ELEVEN: BASIC CONCEPTS NEEDED FOR
SELF DEFENSE: -225-
Forcible Felony: -225-
Threat: -226-
Assault: -227-
Deadly Weapon: -228-
Martial Arts Considerations: -228-
Imminent: -229-
Reasonable Belief -229-
Deadly Force: -230-
Non-deadly Force: -231-
Breach of the Peace: -232-
Citizen’s Arrest: -233-
Examples of Non-Deadly Force: -234-
Initial Aggressor: -237-
Retreat Rule: -237-
A Personal Note on Retreat and “Futile”: -238-
Justifiable Use, or Threat of Deadly Force: -239-
Excessive Force: -241-
Burglary: -242-
Curtilage: -242-
Less Than Lethal Ammunition: -243-
Trap & Spring Guns: -243-
Manslaughter: -244-
Aggravated Assault: -245-
Excusable Homicide: -247-

CHAPTER TWELVE: FLORIDA LAWS OF SELF DEFENSE
& THE LAWFUL USE OF FORCE: -249-
Self Defense Overview: -249-
Historical Basis of the Use of Force: -251-
CHART – Use or Threat of Non-Deadly Force: -251-
CHART – Use of Deadly Force: -251-
Historical Basis of the Use of Deadly Force: -251-
My Personal Opinion -252-
A Preface on the “ Stand Your Ground” Laws: -252-
Non-deadly Force: Section 776.012(1): -253-
Deadly Force: Section 776.012(2): -254-
F.S. 776.013 – Residence, Dwelling & Occupied Vehicles: -256-
Definitions in F.S. 776.013: -258-

What Can Dissolve the Presumptions?: -259-
Immunity under F.S. 776.032 & F.S. 776.013: -262-
Do the Presumptions Apply to Guests: -263-
Some Questions & Answers on 776.013: -263-
Place Where You Have “A Right to Be”: -265-
Business & Non-owned Premises: -266-
Defense of (Other) Property per 776.031: -267-
Simplified “Deadly Force” Rule: -269-
“Non-Deadly” Force in Defense of Property per 776.031: -270-
Deadly Force — Use to Prevent Escape: -272-
Less than Lethal Ammunition: -273-
Use of Force by Law Enforcement: -274-
Place Where You Have a Right to be – Addendum: -275-
Quick 2017 Update on 776.013 Amendment: -276-

CHAPTER THIRTEEN: SOME PRACTICAL ADVICE AND
EXAMPLES OF SELF DEFENSE: -277-
Road Rage Problems with Aggravated Assault: -277-
Dash Cameras and Road Rage: -280-
Insurance Issues: -281-
Bond and Bail Issues: -283-
Defenses to Civil Liability: -283-
Damage Caused by Your Kids: -285-
Self-defense Examples – Good & Bad: -285-
Situation #1 — Typical Road Rage: -285-
Situation #2 — What’s That Gonna Do Against This?: -286-
Situation #3 — Get the Hell off My Property: -287-
Situation #4 — South Florida Armed and Ready: -288-
What to Do after the Police Arrive: -288-
Good Cop – Bad Cop: -291-
When Giving Details Might Help: -292-
Hiring an Attorney: -292-
911 – Use It, and Get Copies of Them: -293-
Cellular Phones — Your Best Defense: -294-
Other Things You Should Do: -295-
Getting Stopped by the Police: -296-
Use of Force Against Animals: -298-
Nanoseconds to React: -301-
Heynard V. State, 689 So. 2d 239 (Fla. 1996): -301-
James V. State, 695 So. 2d 1229 (Fla. 1997): -303-
Campbell V. State, 679 So.2d 720 (Fla. 1996): -303-
Mandatory Sentences for Firearm Offenses: -305-
Mandatory Penalty for Firearm Possession During Crime: -305-
CHART of Mandatory Firearm Sentences: -306-
Firing a Warning Shot: -306-
More Examples & Jury Pardons: -307-

A Needed Constitutional Amendment: -309-
About Your 911 Call: -309-

CHAPTER 14: MORE SCENARIOS & COMMENTS: -311-
Car or Boat Break-in: -311-
Twenty-One Foot Rule: -313-
Burglary of Carport or Other Structure: -314-
Home Invasion – Burglary of Dwelling: -316-
Trespass to Property: -316-
Assaults on Your Person: -317-
Robbery & Attempted Robbery: -318-
Discreet Display: -319-
Display in Other Situations by CWL Holder: -320-
Use of Hollow Point Ammunition: -321-
Reasons Against Misdemeanor Display: -322-
One Other Comment: -323-
Women: -323-
The Quaggin Concept & Reasonableness Theory: -324-
Zimmerman Case: -326-
Riots & Local Emergency Declarations: -326-
Conclusion: -328-

INDEX: -329-

ABOUT THE AUTHOR: back inside cover